Author: Olaf Kopp
Only for SEO Research Suite member Reading time: 4 Minutes

Head-to-Tail: How Knowledgeable are Large Language Models (LLMs)? A.K.A. Will LLMs Replace Knowledge Graphs

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This paper introduces “Head-to-Tail,” a comprehensive benchmark designed to evaluate how well Large Language Models (LLMs) retain and accurately recall factual knowledge. The researchers created 18,000 question-answer pairs covering various domains and entity types, categorized into “head” (most popular), “torso” (moderately popular), and “tail” (least popular) knowledge. Their findings show that even advanced LLMs like GPT-4 achieve only about 31% accuracy overall in answering factual questions, with performance declining significantly for less popular topics.

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